The ISC Class 12 Political Science Syllabus for 2024-25 is divided into two papers: Paper I (Theory) and Paper II (Project Work). Paper I covers topics related to government forms, constitutions, political systems, and Indian democracy, while Paper II is focused on project work, encouraging students to explore topics beyond the syllabus.
ISC Class 12 Political Science Syllabus 2024-25
The ISC Class 12 Political Science Syllabus 2024-25 provides an in-depth understanding of political systems, constitutions, and democracy, both in India and globally. It aims to develop critical thinking and analytical skills among students by comparing different forms of government and focusing on the challenges of Indian democracy.
Paper I: Theory (80 Marks)
Section A: Constitution and Government
- Forms of Government
- Totalitarian and Authoritarian States: Definition and features of totalitarian and authoritarian states. Comparison of these forms of government.
- Liberal Democratic State: Features of a liberal democratic state.
- Unitary and Federal States: Meaning and characteristics of unitary and federal systems, with one example of each.
- Parliamentary and Presidential Forms: Study of both forms of government and comparison between parliamentary and presidential systems.
- Constitution
- Meaning and Types: Understand the meaning of a constitution and its types—written and unwritten, rigid and flexible.
- Amending Procedures: Study the amendment process in the constitutions of the U.K., U.S.A., and India.
- Franchise and Representation
- Universal Adult Franchise: Importance and reasons for its acceptance.
- Representation: Methods of representation—First Past the Post System and Proportional Representation.
- Political Parties: Meaning and types (single-party, bi-party, and multi-party systems).
- The Legislature
- Indian and U.S. Legislatures: Comparative study of the structure, election process, and functions of the legislature in India and the U.S.A.
- Unique Powers: Special powers of the Senate and a comparison of the U.S. Senate with the Indian Rajya Sabha.
- The Executive
- Political vs. Permanent Executive: Understanding the differences between the two in India.
- Political Executives in India and U.S.A.: Comparative study of the powers and functions of the heads of state in India (President and Prime Minister) and the U.S.A. (President).
- The Judiciary
- Judiciary in India and U.S.A.: Comparative study of the composition and powers of the Supreme Courts of India and the U.S.A.
- Judicial Review: Meaning and principles, with an understanding of Judicial Activism and Judicial Restraint.
Section B: Indian Democracy
- Indian Constitution
- Preamble: Importance and the key words contained in the Preamble.
- Salient Features: Study features like federal structure, single citizenship, judicial review, emergency powers, and others.
- Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles
- Fundamental Rights: Meaning and detailed study of all Fundamental Rights in India.
- Directive Principles of State Policy: Types (Liberal, Gandhian, and Socialist) and comparison with Fundamental Rights.
- Local Self-Government
- 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts: Key features of these amendments, including Zila Parishad and Municipal Corporation functions.
- Challenges Faced by Indian Democracy
- Challenges like caste, communalism, regionalism, and political violence.
- Measures for strengthening democracy, addressing issues like linguistic demands, river water disputes, and secessionist movements.
Paper II: Project Work (20 Marks)
For Paper II, students are required to undertake a project that involves in-depth research and analysis. The project should not be based entirely on the syllabus and should encourage original thinking. Some suggested topics include:
- Judicial Activism: Study two cases where the judiciary safeguarded human rights or the environment.
- Public Accountability of Civil Servants: Analyze whether civil servants are accountable to the public.
- Party System in India: Examine the phases and evolution of the party system in India.
- Supreme Court Cases on Fundamental Rights: Analyze a major Supreme Court ruling on Fundamental Rights.
- Local Self-Government and Women Empowerment: Study how local self-government institutions contribute to empowering women.
Assessment of Project Work
| Internal Evaluation by Teacher | Marks |
|---|---|
| Process (topic selection, research, methods) | 3 |
| Understanding and Analysis (interpretation and arguments) | 4 |
| Presentation (format, referencing, word limit) | 3 |
| Total | 10 |
| Evaluation by Visiting Examiner | Marks |
|---|---|
| Choice of Technique/Procedure & Presentation | 4 |
| Analysis and Evaluation | 3 |
| Viva (questions on project) | 3 |
| Total | 10 |
ISC Class 12 Political Science Syllabus 2024-25 PDF Download
Students can download the complete ISC Class 12 Political Science Syllabus 2024-25 in PDF format from the official CISCE website. The syllabus outlines the theory and project work, helping students prepare for their board exams efficiently.
ISC class 12 Political Science Syllabus 2024-25-Click Here To Download PDF