The CBSE Class 10 Mathematics syllabus for the academic year 2026-27 includes a comprehensive range of topics divided into seven units. Here’s a detailed overview:
UNIT I: NUMBER SYSTEMS
1. REAL NUMBER (15) Periods
Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic – statements after reviewing work done earlier andafter illustrating and motivating through examples, Proofs of irrationality of root 2, 3, 5.
UNIT II: ALGEBRA
1. POLYNOMIALS (8) Periods
Zeros of a polynomial. Relationship between zeros and coefficients of quadratic
polynomials.
2. PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES (15) Periods
Pair of linear equations in two variables and graphical method of their solution, consistency/inconsistency. Algebraic conditions for number of solutions. Solution of a pair of linear equations in two variables algebraically – by substitution, by elimination. Simple situational problems.
3. QUADRATIC EQUATIONS (15) Periods
Standard form of a quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, (a ≠ 0). Solutions of quadratic equations (only real roots) by factorization, and by using quadratic formula. Relationship between discriminant and nature of roots. Situational problems based on quadratic equations related to day to day activities to be incorporated.7
4. ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS (10) Periods
Motivation for studying Arithmetic Progression Derivation of the nth term and sum of the first n terms of A.P. and their application in solving daily life problems.
UNIT III: COORDINATE GEOMETRY
Coordinate Geometry (15) Periods
Review: Concepts of coordinate geometry, graphs of linear equations. Distance formula. Section formula (internal division).
UNIT IV: GEOMETRY
1. TRIANGLES (15) Periods
Definitions, examples, counter examples of similar triangles.
1. (Prove) If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other two
sides in distinct points, the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.
2. (Motivate) If a line divides two sides of a triangle in the same ratio, the line is parallel
to the third side.
3. (Motivate) If in two triangles, the corresponding angles are equal, their corresponding
sides are proportional and the triangles are similar.
4. (Motivate) If the corresponding sides of two triangles are proportional, their
corresponding angles are equal and the two triangles are similar.
5. (Motivate) If one angle of a triangle is equal to one angle of another triangle and the
sides including these angles are proportional, the two triangles are similar.
2. CIRCLES (10) Periods
Tangent to a circle at, point of contact
1. (Prove) The tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the
point of contact.
2. (Prove) The lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal.8
UNIT V: TRIGONOMETRY
1. INTRODUCTION TO TRIGONOMETRY (10) Periods
Trigonometric ratios of an acute angle of a right-angled triangle. Proof of their
existence (well defined); motivate the ratios whichever are defined at 0o and 90o. Values
of the trigonometric ratios of 300, 450 and 600. Relationships between the ratios.
2. TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES (15) Periods
Proof and applications of the identity sin2A + cos2A = 1. Only simple identities to be
given.
3. HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES: Angle of elevation, Angle of Depression. (10)Periods
Simple problems on heights and distances. Problems should not involve more than two
right triangles. Angles of elevation / depression should be only 30°, 45°, and 60°.
UNIT VI: MENSURATION
1. AREAS RELATED TO CIRCLES (12) Periods
Area of sectors and segments of a circle. Problems based on areas and perimeter /
circumference of the above said plane figures. (In calculating area of segment of a
circle, problems should be restricted to central angle of 60°, 90° and 120° only.
2. SURFACE AREAS AND VOLUMES (12) Periods
Surface areas and volumes of combinations of any two of the following: cubes, cuboids,
spheres, hemispheres and right circular cylinders/cones.
UNIT VII: STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
1. STATISTICS (18) Periods
Mean, median and mode of grouped data (bimodal situation to be avoided).
2. PROBABILITY (10) Periods
Classical definition of probability. Simple problems on finding the probability of an
event.
The exam structure includes different types of questions aimed at assessing various skills, including remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating. The distribution is approximately:
Key focus areas include:
| Component | Marks |
|---|---|
| Theory (Board Exam) | 80 |
| Internal Assessment | 20 |
| Total | 100 |
➡️ Every subject in CBSE Class 10 (including Maths) follows this 80 + 20 pattern.
| Component | Marks |
|---|---|
| Periodic Tests (Best of 3) | 10 |
| Notebook Submission | 5 |
| Subject Enrichment (Activities/Projects) | 5 |
These marks are given by schools based on performance throughout the year.
| Section | Type | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| Section A | MCQs (1 mark each) | 20 |
| Section B | Very Short Answer | 2 marks |
| Section C | Short Answer | 3 marks |
| Section D | Long Answer | 4 marks |
| Section E | Case Study-based | 5 marks |
(Exact number of questions may vary slightly each year, but pattern remains similar.)
CBSE follows step marking in Maths:
Example:
You can download the CBSE Class 10 Maths syllabus for the 2026-27 academic year by visiting the official website of the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE). Here’s how you can access it:
Alternatively, I can guide you to trusted educational sites that offer direct PDF download links for the CBSE syllabus that is Syllabus4u. Click on the below to get the PDF.
To prepare for the CBSE Class 10 Maths Syllabus effectively and in a timely manner, here’s a comprehensive strategy:
By maintaining a steady pace, practicing regularly, and reviewing important topics periodically, you can ensure timely and effective preparation for the CBSE Class 10 Maths exam.
list of books to cover the CBSE Class 10 Maths syllabus effectively — including core textbooks, practice books, and revision guides that many toppers and teachers suggest:
Publisher: NCERT
Why it’s essential: This is the official CBSE textbook and covers the entire syllabus chapter-wise with examples, exercises and clear explanations. CBSE board questions are directly based on NCERT content and exercise questions.
Make sure to do all solved examples and exercises thoroughly.
Publisher: NCERT
Why use it: Contains higher-order thinking questions, challenging problems and application-based questions that help strengthen concepts and improve problem-solving skills.
Why it’s good:
Extremely comprehensive with a huge variety of problems (basic to advanced)
Helps build conceptual depth and exam readiness
Widely recommended for board exam prep and competitive practice.
Why use it:
Good for step-by-step practice questions
Helps reinforce basic techniques and improves speed
Suitable if you want more variety in topic practice.
Why it’s useful:
Combines theory, examples, practice, and sample papers
Includes previous years’ board questions and solutions
Great for complete syllabus practice and revision.
Useful books to practice exam-style questions and improve time management closer to board exams:
Oswaal CBSE Sample Question Papers Class 10 Maths
Educart CBSE Class 10 Maths Sample Papers
MTG / Disha / U-Like Sample Papers
These books often include previous year questions (PYQs), model papers, and board-pattern tests which are extremely helpful for last-minute revision and scoring trends.
Start with NCERT textbook + Exemplar, complete every exercise and solved example.
Use RD Sharma (or RS Aggarwal) for deeper practice and difficult questions.
In the last few months before exams, focus on question banks and sample papers to get used to board-style questions and timing.
Some students also find revising with chapter-wise short notes and formula sheets useful.
| Purpose | Recommended Books |
|---|---|
| Core syllabus & concepts | NCERT Textbook |
| Difficult/problem-solving questions | NCERT Exemplar, RD Sharma |
| Extra practice | RS Aggarwal, Arihant All in One |
| Revision & board pattern practice | Oswaal/Educart Sample Papers & Question Banks |
The main topics include:
Yes, the syllabus is the same for all students, but students can choose between Basic and Standard levels for the Maths exam. The content is similar, but the level of difficulty differs.
The syllabus typically includes 15 chapters. These are divided across various topics like algebra, geometry, statistics, and arithmetic, which build the foundation for higher studies.
The weightage varies each year, but generally:
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