The CBSE Class 12 Chemistry syllabus for the academic year 2024-25 provides students with a detailed framework of topics in physical, organic, and inorganic chemistry, along with practical experiments. The syllabus is designed to help students prepare thoroughly for their board exams. The official PDF of the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry syllabus 2024-25 has been released by CBSE and is available for download on the official website.
CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25
The CBSE Class 12 Chemistry syllabus 2024-25 is designed to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of various concepts in chemistry. The syllabus includes theoretical concepts, practical experiments, and project work, all of which are essential for students to excel in their exams.
Class 12 Chemistry Theory Syllabus
| S.No. | Title | No. of Periods | Marks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Solutions | 10 | 7 |
| 2 | Electrochemistry | 12 | 9 |
| 3 | Chemical Kinetics | 10 | 7 |
| 4 | d-and f-Block Elements | 12 | 7 |
| 5 | Coordination Compounds | 12 | 7 |
| 6 | Haloalkanes and Haloarenes | 10 | 6 |
| 7 | Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers | 10 | 6 |
| 8 | Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids | 10 | 8 |
| 9 | Amines | 10 | 6 |
| 10 | Biomolecules | 12 | 7 |
| Total | 70 Periods | 70 |
Unit-Wise Description
Unit II: Solutions (10 Periods)
- Types of solutions
- Expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids
- Solubility of gases in liquids
- Solid solutions
- Raoult’s law
- Colligative properties: relative lowering of vapor pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure
- Determination of molecular masses using colligative properties
- Abnormal molecular mass, Van’t Hoff factor
Unit III: Electrochemistry (12 Periods)
- Redox reactions
- EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential
- Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells
- Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell
- Conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration
- Kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis, and laws of electrolysis (elementary idea)
- Types of cells: dry cells, electrolytic cells, Galvanic cells
- Lead accumulator, fuel cells, corrosion
Unit IV: Chemical Kinetics (10 Periods)
- Rate of a reaction (average and instantaneous)
- Factors affecting the rate of reaction: concentration, temperature, catalyst
- Order and molecularity of a reaction
- Rate law and specific rate constant
- Integrated rate equations and half-life (only for zero and first-order reactions)
- Concept of collision theory (elementary idea), activation energy, Arrhenius equation
Unit VIII: d- and f-Block Elements (12 Periods)
- General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals
- General trends in properties of the first-row transition metals: metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, color, catalytic properties, magnetic properties
- Interstitial compounds, alloy formation
- Preparation and properties of K₂Cr₂O₇ and KMnO₄
- Lanthanoids: electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity, lanthanoid contraction, and its consequences
- Actinoids: electronic configuration, oxidation states, and comparison with lanthanoids
Unit IX: Coordination Compounds (12 Periods)
- Introduction to coordination compounds: ligands, coordination number, color, magnetic properties, shapes
- IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds
- Werner’s theory, Valence Bond Theory (VBT), and Crystal Field Theory (CFT)
- Structure and stereoisomerism
- Importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals, and biological systems)
Unit X: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes (10 Periods)
- Haloalkanes: nomenclature, nature of the C-X bond, physical and chemical properties, optical rotation, mechanism of substitution reactions
- Haloarenes: nature of the C-X bond, substitution reactions
- Uses and environmental effects of compounds like dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, and DDT
Unit XI: Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers (10 Periods)
- Alcohols: nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols), identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, uses (with special reference to methanol and ethanol)
- Phenols: nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophilic substitution reactions, uses of phenols
- Ethers: nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses
Unit XII: Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids (10 Periods)
- Aldehydes and Ketones: nomenclature, nature of the carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes, uses
- Carboxylic Acids: nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses
Unit XIII: Amines (10 Periods)
- Amines: nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses
- Identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines
- Diazonium salts: preparation, chemical reactions, and importance in synthetic organic chemistry
Unit XIV: Biomolecules (12 Periods)
- Carbohydrates: classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), D-L configuration, oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen), importance of carbohydrates
- Proteins: elementary idea of amino acids, peptide bonds, polypeptides, proteins, structure of proteins (primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary structure), denaturation of proteins, enzymes
- Hormones: elementary idea excluding structure
- Vitamins: classification and functions
- Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA
Practical Syllabus (60 Periods)
Evaluation Scheme for Practical Examination
| S.No. | Title | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Volumetric Analysis | 08 |
| 2 | Salt Analysis | 08 |
| 3 | Content-Based Experiment | 06 |
| 4 | Project Work | 04 |
| 5 | Class Record and Viva | 04 |
| Total | 30 |
Practicals
- Surface Chemistry
Preparation of one lyophilic and one lyophobic sol
Dialysis of the sol
Study of emulsifying agents - Chemical Kinetics
Study the effect of concentration and temperature on reaction rates - Thermochemistry
Measure the enthalpy of dissolution and neutralization - Electrochemistry
Study the variation of cell potential with electrolyte concentration - Chromatography
Separation of pigments and constituents in mixtures - Preparation of Inorganic Compounds
Double salts and potassium ferric oxalate - Preparation of Organic Compounds
Synthesis of compounds like acetanilide, dibenzalacetone - Tests for Organic Functional Groups
Identify unsaturation, alcohol, phenol, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic, and amino groups - Qualitative Analysis
Identify one cation and one anion in a salt
Suggested Projects
- Study of oxalate ions in guava fruit at different ripening stages
- Study of casein quantity in different milk samples
- Preparation of soybean milk and comparison with natural milk
- Effect of potassium bisulphate as a food preservative
- Study of starch digestion by salivary amylase
- Comparative study of fermentation rates of different materials
- Extraction of essential oils from aniseed, carum, cardamom
- Study of food adulterants in fat, oil, butter, sugar, turmeric, chili powder, and pepper
CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25 PDF Download
To access the detailed CBSE Class 12 Chemistry syllabus for 2024-25 in PDF format, students can visit the official CBSE website or download it from the link given below. The PDF will include all units, practical experiments, and projects that are part of the curriculum.
CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25-Click Here To Download PDF
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