The CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus for 2024-25 has been released by CBSE and provides a comprehensive outline of all the essential topics covered in the curriculum. It includes detailed descriptions of various units like Electrostatics, Current Electricity, Magnetism, Electromagnetic Waves, Optics, and more, giving students a clear understanding of what to study. Each unit is divided into chapters, specifying the number of periods required, ensuring that students allocate their time efficiently for each topic. The syllabus also highlights the marks distribution, helping students focus on the most important areas for exam preparation.
CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024-25
In addition to theory, the syllabus emphasizes practical work, which is crucial for developing a deeper understanding of physical concepts. It includes a list of experiments, activities, and investigatory projects that students must complete during the academic year, ensuring a balance between theoretical knowledge and hands-on experience. The official syllabus PDF, available on the CBSE website, provides all necessary information, including evaluation schemes and guidelines for practicals, making it an indispensable resource for effective preparation.
Unit-Wise Syllabus
| Unit No. | Unit Name | No. of Periods | Marks |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | Electrostatics | 26 | 16 |
| II | Current Electricity | 18 | |
| III | Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism | 25 | 17 |
| IV | Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents | 24 | |
| V | Electromagnetic Waves | 04 | 18 |
| VI | Optics | 30 | |
| VII | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | 08 | 12 |
| VIII | Atoms and Nuclei | 15 | |
| IX | Electronic Devices | 10 | 07 |
| Total | 160 | 70 |
CBSE Class 12 Maths Detailed Syllabus 2024-25
Unit I: Electrostatics (26 Periods)
- Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields
- Electric charges, conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law.
- Electric field, field due to a point charge, electric field lines.
- Electric dipole, field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.
- Electric flux, Gauss’s theorem applications: infinitely long wire, charged plane sheet, spherical shell.
- Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
- Electric potential, potential difference, potential due to a point charge, dipole, system of charges.
- Equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy.
- Conductors and insulators, dielectrics and polarization, capacitors, combination of capacitors.
- Energy stored in a capacitor.
Unit II: Current Electricity (18 Periods)
- Chapter–3: Current Electricity
- Electric current, drift velocity, mobility, Ohm’s law, V-I characteristics.
- Electrical resistivity, conductivity, temperature dependence of resistance.
- Internal resistance of a cell, combination of cells, Kirchhoff’s rules, Wheatstone bridge.
Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism (25 Periods)
- Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism
- Magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment, Biot-Savart law, Ampere’s law.
- Force on moving charges in magnetic/electric fields, force on current-carrying conductors, torque.
- Current loop as a magnetic dipole, moving coil galvanometer.
- Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter
- Bar magnet, magnetic dipole, magnetic properties of materials (para-, dia-, and ferromagnetic substances).
- Magnetization of materials, temperature effect on magnetic properties.
Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents (24 Periods)
- Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction
- Faraday’s laws, induced EMF, Lenz’s Law, self and mutual induction.
- Chapter–7: Alternating Current
- Alternating currents, peak/RMS values, reactance, impedance, LCR series circuit.
- AC generator, transformer.
Unit V: Electromagnetic Waves (04 Periods)
- Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves
- Displacement current, characteristics of electromagnetic waves.
- Electromagnetic spectrum: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays, and uses.
Unit VI: Optics (30 Periods)
- Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
- Reflection, refraction, mirror/lens formulas, magnification, power, optical instruments.
- Chapter–10: Wave Optics
- Wavefront, Huygen’s principle, reflection/refraction using wavefronts.
- Interference, Young’s experiment, diffraction.
Unit VII: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter (08 Periods)
- Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
- Photoelectric effect, Einstein’s photoelectric equation, particle nature of light.
- Matter waves, de-Broglie relation.
Unit VIII: Atoms and Nuclei (15 Periods)
- Chapter–12: Atoms
- Rutherford’s model, Bohr model, hydrogen line spectra.
- Chapter–13: Nuclei
- Composition, nuclear force, mass-energy relation, nuclear fission/fusion.
Unit IX: Electronic Devices (10 Periods)
- Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices, and Simple Circuits
- Energy bands, intrinsic/extrinsic semiconductors, p-n junction diode, applications.
CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2024-25 PDF Download
The CBSE Class 12 Maths syllabus for 2024-25 can be downloaded from the official CBSE website. This PDF contains detailed topics for each unit, the number of periods for each chapter, and marks distribution. It is important for students to refer to this syllabus to plan their studies and ensure they cover all the required content effectively for the exam.
CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024-25-Click Here To Download PDF
Practicals and Evaluation
Practicals
- Total Periods: 60
Practical Record Requirements
- Record of at least 8 Experiments (4 from each section).
- Record of at least 6 Activities (3 from each section).
- Report of the project.
Evaluation Scheme
| Component | Max Marks | Time |
|---|---|---|
| Two experiments (one from each section) | 7 + 7 | 3 Hours |
| Practical record (experiments/activities) | 5 | |
| One activity (any section) | 3 | |
| Investigatory project | 3 | |
| Viva (experiments, activities, project) | 5 | |
| Total | 30 |
Section-A: Experiments and Activities
Experiments
- Determine resistivity of wires using potential difference vs current graph.
- Find resistance using metre bridge (series/parallel combinations).
- Determine resistance of a galvanometer (half-deflection method).
- Convert a galvanometer into a voltmeter/ammeter and verify.
- Find the frequency of AC mains using a sonometer.
Activities
- Measure resistance/impedance of an inductor.
- Measure resistance, voltage, current, and circuit continuity using a multimeter.
- Assemble a household circuit with bulbs, switches, fuse, and power source.
- Study variation in potential drop with length of a wire for steady current.
- Draw and correct given open circuit diagrams.
Section-B: Experiments and Activities
Experiments
- Find focal length of concave mirror, convex lens, or convex mirror.
- Determine angle of minimum deviation for a prism.
- Find refractive index using traveling microscope, convex lens, or concave mirror.
Activities
- Identify electronic components (diode, LED, resistor, capacitor).
- Observe refraction, diffraction, and image formation using lenses/mirrors.
- Obtain lens combinations with specified focal length.
Suggested Investigatory Projects
- Study factors affecting internal resistance/EMF of a cell.
- Investigate current variation in circuits with LDR.
- Find refractive indices of liquids using lenses and mirrors.
- Investigate voltage ratio relation in transformer coils.
- Estimate the charge on Styrofoam balls using Coulomb’s law.
- Study self-inductance of a coil in series with resistors.
- Study the earth’s magnetic field using a compass.
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